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MarkdownEthernet Patch Cable Assembly
Serge Y. Stroobandt
Copyright 2014–2019, licensed under Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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- Ethernet Patch Cable
General instructions
Twisted pair Ethernet cable comes in three types (see table) and many quality grades.
| acronym | shielding | EMI protection |
|---|---|---|
| UTP | unshielded set of twisted pairs | fair |
| F/UTP | foil around the set of twisted pairs | good |
| SF/UTP | shield wires and foil around the set of twisted pairs | better |
| S/FTP | shield wires over foil around each twisted pair | best |
In new installations, use only Cat 5 enhanced or higher graded cable.
Use good quality, single-mold 8P8C (≈ RJ45) connectors.
Connectors consisting out of multiple parts are prone to bad connections.
- If a connector cap is desired, slip it over the cable now.
- Strip 12 mm (½") from the cable jacket at the cable end.
- Untwist the pairs, but over no more than those 12 mm!
- Sort the pairs so they fit in the connector in the colour order shown below.
- Insert the pairs a first time into the connector to get them properly aligned.
- Remove the wire pairs from the connector and trim them flush at the end with a 90° flush cutter.
- Reinsert the wire pairs in the connector.
- Visually check whether the correct wires are touching the end of the connector.
- Crimp the pins with a crimp tool.
- Repeat for the other cable end.
- Test the newly assembled patch cable with a tester.
The difference between EIA/TIA 568A and 568B is only the position of the green–white and orange–white twisted pairs.
Here is more information about twisted pair, patch cables and the Ethernet physical layer.
Type A patch cable
EIA/TIA 568A colour scheme; both ends are the same
Type B patch cable
This is the most common patch cable.
EIA/TIA 568B (AT&T) colour scheme; both ends are the same
Type A–B crossed patch cable
This patch cable is used to connect two computers without a hub. Newer Ethernet interfaces are auto-configuring and hence, no longer require this arrangement.
EIA/TIA 568A on one end, 568B on the other end.
Colours
Not that I were colour-blind, but some people are…
| wire | colour |
|---|---|
| 1 | green–white |
| 2 | green |
| 3 | orange–white |
| 4 | blue |
| 5 | blue–white |
| 6 | orange |
| 7 | brown–white |
| 8 | brown |
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